Making Science Public: A blog on science, language and culture
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Polysemy, pragmatics and puppetry: What AI can learn from ethnomethodology
I recently wrote a blog post in which I summarised some research on the topic of multiple meanings and AI against the backdrop of an old paper of mine on ‘ambiguities we live by’, published in 2001 in the Journal of Pragmatics. Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that studies how language is used in…
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AI literacy and the case for polysemy awareness
I have recently written two posts on the issue of multiple meanings, polysemy and ambiguity, in AI discourse. When chatting with various people interested in AI metaphors, which has so far been my research focus, I realised that we all had neglected the topic of polysemy, or the multiple meanings that words have in a…
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‘Fake’: From murky origins to murky future
On 2 February 2024 I wrote a post entitled “Truth, post-truth and post-fake”. I started the post like this: “I was sitting at my desk trying to think about something I could blog about. For some reason the word ‘truth’ popped into my head. After that I … messed about on the news database Nexis, rummaged…
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Polysemy, safety and epistemic risks in AI discourse
In last week’s post I traced some connections between an old paper on ambiguity and polysemy that a colleague and I published in 2001, when generative AI and LLMs were not yet on the horizon, and a 2026 paper linking ambiguity and polysemy to modern AI discourse to hype and manipulation, power and ethics. In…
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Polysemy, power and ethics in AI discourse
I recently saw a paper by Travis LaCroix, Fintan Mallory and Sasha Luccioni entitled ‘Strategic polysemy in AI discourse: A philosophical analysis of language, hype, and power’ which immediately attracted my attention as I had worked on ambiguity and polysemy, in the distant past. I am now working on metaphors used in and for AI but I…
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Mud, monsters and solidarity: Social representations of the 2024 Valencia floods
Last week I wrote a post about the 2025 California wildfires. This week’s post is about the 2024 Valencia floods. These are just two examples of increasingly frequent extreme weather events that affect people around the word. They also affect the language we speak, especially the metaphors we use to make sense of such events.…
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Fire, wind, and lies: How we talk about wildfire shapes how we respond
Rusi Jaspal and I recently published an article on the metaphorical framing of the January 2025 Southern California wildfires. Here is a short blog post about it to whet your appetite for the real thing which appeared online first in Metaphor and the Social World under the title “Fire, wind and lies: Mapping the metaphorical…
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Sandboxes and moats: Wrestling with AI metaphors
After this morning’s (17 April 2026) news reports, most of you will know about the furore surrounding the non-release of Anthropic’s Claude Mythos AI model and its implications for cybersecurity (listen to this podcast to get some understanding). Cybersecurity will, however, not be the focus of this post; it will, of course, be metaphors. The…
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‘Habsburg AI’: Portrait of a metaphor and its family
A reader of my blog (yes, there is one!) recently asked me whether I had heard of “Habsburg AI”. To my shame I had not. So, I looked it up and what I found made me think, both about AI and about metaphors for AI. I have been blogging about metaphors for AI for a…
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Is ‘cultural technology’ a metaphor for AI?
This morning, I opened Bluesky and saw a message from Matthew Cobb alerting me to an article in The Observer on “Ten metaphors for AI” by John Naughton. Metaphors for AI, c’est moi, I thought, and indeed in the online version there is a link to one of my posts. Wow. At the same time…
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